Impact of Tobacco Products on the Periodontium

And cigarettes, cigars, and smoke a pipe. Most of the evidence about tobacco to use as a risk factor for periodontal disease from Smoking cigarettes; however, cigars and pipes to use also are significant risk factors for attachment loss [1-14,28].

1. Tobacco contains nicotine enters the bloodstream through the lungs, skin, or mucous membranes.

2. Smokers, periodontal tissues are constantly exposed to nicotine and its metabolites from the deposition of nicotine on the root surface and its release via saliva and gingival crevicular fluid. Local and systemic effects of nicotine is also considered that the impact on periodontal tissues.

B. Smokeless Tobacco

1. The use of smokeless tobacco in the world is growing because more people tend to stay away from smoked tobacco, as a consequence, public pressure.

2. The use of smokeless tobacco increases the inflammatory response in the gingival tissue. The increase in inflammatory reactions, encourage the rapid periodontal breakdown and subsequent loss of investment in place.

3. Additional mechanical trauma due to the abrasive nature of smokeless tobacco, passing in close proximity to fine gingival tissues can also be contributions of gingival recession. ..